AmarilloMike,
Regarding "clips" - there are two basic designs. The stripper clip, or "charger" as known by the Brits, is designed to load the magazine and then be discarded. It doesn't enter the magazine. The en bloc clip used in the M1 Garand is retained in the magazine until the last round is fired and then it is ejected. In Mannlicher rifles the clip is retained until the last round is chambered when it falls out through the bottom of the magazine.