John. I'd like to add my 2 cents. First of all DO GET SEVERAL TYPES OF AMMO AND SOME TURKEY TARGETS AND SEE HOW THEY PATTERN. If you do nothing else do pattern your gun. I used Western #6 1 1/8 oZ SX16H6 lead shot(paper shells) in my Elsie 16 bore(full and extra full) last year in KY and NY. KY 1 shot at 20 paces--dead Tom. NY 2 shots at 55 paces, the second at flying Tom, who dropped like a sack of potatoes. Like someone else I misjudged the distance, but ended up OK. I've used 10,12,and 16 sucessfully, and have no qualms about using the 16 again this year. ps, i've also take them with bow/arrow, and my brother keeps asking if I'm gonna try a sling shot next. LOL. He's 10 or 12 bore only. And has killed more Turkey than I've ever seen. He advise #5 or #6 or the 5/6 combo. Good luck with whatever you choose, but DO PATTERN YOUR GUN WITH DIFFERENT AMMO. Regards, Jim.