I hunt the UP and WI in October, when the woodcock are still around. I bought my Parker Repro 28ga mostly because of the chokes: Q1 & 2. So, a little choke and a little more. Works very well . . . also on the early release quail hunts I do. 12ga . . . I would not be afraid to go cyl in the R barrel if I still lived in WI. Cyl will kill a grouse quite a ways out. Late season, simply use 1 1/8 oz trap loads of 7 1/2. If you have some concern about selling it in CO, the open R barrel might hurt you some. But I think it's the best all-around choke for ruffs and woodcock in a 12ga. Just tinker with your ammo selection as the leaves come off.