And these are the earliest actual pressures I've found - don't forget + 10 - 14% for transducer numbers
Black and Nitro powder Service and Proof Charge Pressures - note the C&H TS (treble strong) black powder pressures are similar to the new fangled bulk smokeless
https://books.google.com/books?id=inQCAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA296&dqExperiments to ascertain the pressures given by service charge and proof charges used in England have been carried out by The Field. Under the existing Regulations of Proof in England, a “service charge” is specified for every bore, and the compulsory definitive proof is made with double the service charge of proof-house powder and 1 1/3 (times) the service charge of No. 6 shot. Besides the compulsory proof, a supplementary proof with other kinds of powder is permitted, if applied for. Many other charges, both larger and smaller than the officially stated “service charge”, are in constant use.
Powders used for proof are given as T.P. (Tower Proof) “which shall be of strength equal to Waltham Abbey “R.F.G. 2” and of grain varying between Nos. 4 and 5, that known as Curtis and Harvey's “T.S.” (Treble Strong) No.2 [for Supplementary Nitro Proof with 4 1/2 Drams and 1 2/3 oz. “soft” No. 6 shot] and, that known as “Col. Hawkers Duck Gun Powder”, and the nitro-powder known as Cordite, or any other description of nitro-powder which may hereafter, from time to time, be adopted by His Majesty's War Dept.”
![[Linked Image from photos.smugmug.com]](https://photos.smugmug.com/Shotshells-and-pressures/Pressure-data/i-hh3TPRX/0/LvHwPtcR2d3bTNJMQnws2BmrkTZcWGCHTQMdDbD7h/L/S%26P%2035%20%2012%20%20EnglishService%26ProofPressures-L.jpg)
Modern piezoelectric transducer pressures would be
10 - 14% higher.
12 bore
Nitro 1 1/8 oz. with 42 grain Bulk Smokeless = 3 Dr. Eq. (1200 fps):
5330 - 6110 psi
Nitro 1 1/4 oz. with 45 grain = 3 1/4 Dr. Eq. (1220 fps): 6360 - 8620 psi
16 bore
Service charge 1 oz. 2 3/4 Dram Eq. (1220 fps) = 38 gr. Bulk Nitro powder.
C&H “T.S.” No. 4 BP - 7,480; “Schultze” - 8,250 psi; “E.C.” - 8,960 psi
20 bore
Service charge 7/8 oz. 2 1/2 Dr. Eq. (1210 fps) = 34 gr. Bulk Nitro powder
C&H “T.S.” No. 4 BP - 8,240; “Schultze” - 8,220 psi; “E.C.” - 9,100 psi