In addition, Toledo, Spain was the traditional sword-making center since the Roman period. El Cid used Toledo swords; Tizona and Colada.
The steel acero toledano was pattern welded low carbon (for flexibility) steel for the interior and high carbon (for strength and sharpness) steel for the exterior.
https://www.battlemerchant.com/en/b...res-and-swords-damascus-and-toledo-steel