Under the 1891 Rules, rifle tubes were subject to proof w/ Neues Gewehr Pulver Modell 71 whilst scattergun tubes were paired w/ „Hirsch“ powder, Grain #4. But the ole „Hirsch“ gelatinized powder proved to be erratic with high pressures and heavy recoil; therefore, the Frankfurt on the Oder chose the German Troisdorfer smokeless Shotgun powder while the other proof facilities held w/ Schultz and this is why one sees the Troisdorfer on platforms that passed thru the Frankfurt on the Oder Proof Facility and British Schultz, which maintained lower pressures.


Hochachtungsvoll,

Raimey
rse