Hearsay from Kay Ohye notwithstanding, I believe none of it. 'Reliable' means a pattern without holes. This is possible only with fine shot, and then only at a distance that will provide sufficient target saturation to assure a kill.

Skeet chokes provide this at skeet distances. Trap chokes likewise at trap distances. Stretching the distance results in holes. Holes lead to loss of 'reliability'.

Not to say a cylinder choke can't and won't break targets and/or kill birds at longer distances. It can... sometimes. Likewise a full choke is fully reliable at closer distances if you hit the target with the core. Good luck.

No mystery here, as proven by Oberfell and Thompson in the 1950's. 'Patchiness' they called it... and it's just as true today.

Shotgunning results depend largly on chance if the distance and/or load are not ideal. There are exceptional shooters who can apply a full choke on everything out to the limit of the equipment, but there are none, repeat, none, who can reliably kill targets with a skeet choke past the distance where holes appear in the pattern. This is because you will not score on even a centered target if one of the holes happens to be in the center of the pattern, and there is a statistical certainty of that very thing happening some of the time.


"The price of good shotgunnery is constant practice" - Fred Kimble