Anybody with 12 guage shells, a length of 1" steel pipe, a shorter length of 1 1/4" steel pipe. and male 1 1/4" threading dies, plus a chunk of re-rod and big nail and a two-by-four, can make a crude single shot shotgun--Filipino guerrillas did it all the time in WWII. (For the finest finished product, you might add a hacksaw and a fine file, and maybe a sheet of sandpaper. Look out Purdey and Boss!). A little slow on the reloads, but you wouldn't want to be in front of the thing when it goes off. (DON'T ask me how I know....).