.... and mostly they had boiled linseed oil, shellac, lacquer, and varnish, to finish the outsides of the wood. Those weren't really true sealers against the elements, even had they finished the inside of the wood.
Don't write these products off as ineffective just because they are not high-tech. There are thousands of gunstocks that have survived many decades use and still have the surviving original finishes. They seal against the elements pretty darned good, I'd say, when properly applied.
As long as we desire beauty in a gunstock we will put up with the vagaries and "drawbacks" of wood. It's a trade off, one that I'm willing to make. There are millions of synthetic stocked guns for the buying, if one wants stocks that are trouble free, and basically maintenance free. I will continue to use my shellac to seal new inletting. It seems to last just fine, to me. I have one M/L rifle that was built by a dear departed friend in the 1950s. It's lock inlet was sealed with shellac, and I pulled the lock recently and it looked just fine. No signs of flaking or deterioration. The last m/l I built was about 1995, and it looks like new inside the lock inlet, with no deterioration of the sealing shellac. And, for the record, these m/l rifles are not kept in a climate controlled environment. No heat, no a/c, no humidity control. They don't get rained on, but that's about it.
Twenty three years after sealing with shellac......
SRH